TechWhirl (TECHWR-L) is a resource for technical writing and technical communications professionals of all experience levels and in all industries to share their experiences and acquire information.
For two decades, technical communicators have turned to TechWhirl to ask and answer questions about the always-changing world of technical communications, such as tools, skills, career paths, methodologies, and emerging industries. The TechWhirl Archives and magazine, created for, by and about technical writers, offer a wealth of knowledge to everyone with an interest in any aspect of technical communications.
Subject:Borrowing (German and other languages) From:Maynard Hogg <maynard -at- GOL -dot- COM> Date:Tue, 6 May 1997 10:46:40 +0900
At [Mon, 5 May 1997 12:23:42 +0200]
Erich Schildhauer <Erich -dot- Schildhauer -at- poet -dot- de> wrote:
> I think it is fair to point out that it is common practice in
> many languages, including German, to borrow words from other languages.
> German also uses Hardware, Software, Computer, and E-Mail (just to
> mention a few). In some cases there may indeed be some pretension to
> sounding chic. On the other hand, it may just be the easiest way to
> refer to a new thing using the names that comes with it.
And then there's English: "We steal from everyone." <g> First, we
grafted French vocabulary onto Germanic syntax after 1066, and it's all
downhill from there.
A German technical translator here in Tokyo once (half-jokingly)
described the borrowing process as follows:
(1) Use the English term as is for the new concept.
(2) Make up a purely German replacement.
(3) Go back to the original English because the German replacement is
too long.
BTW, this was before Windows began placing such a high premium on screen
real estate.
The Japanese have a different approach (we'll skip the classical
borrowings from Chinese):
(1) Transliterate an English term on the Procrustean bed of Japanese
phonetics. (All too frequently, the source English word are not the
English name for the concept. See examples below.)
(2) Shorten the unwieldy string that results to something shorter and
totally unrecognizable--e.g., torque converter becomes *torukon*.
And then there are things like *konpane*, which in the Windows 95J
context means "control panel"--as opposed to a car's *inpane* (from
"instrument panel")--but is more widely used as a plywood form for
pouring concrete. Note that the source term "concrete panel" has an
entirely different meaning in English.
===
Maynard Hogg
#306, 4-30-10 Yoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan 158
Fax: +81-3-3700-7399
Internet: maynard -at- gol -dot- com http://www2.gol.com/users/maynard/
$BF|K\8l$N%a!<%k$b4?7^$7$^$9 (B (Japanese e-mail welcome)
Unsolicited commercial electronic mail sent to this address will be
proofread at a cost of US$200/hour (half-hour minimum).
TECHWR-L (Technical Communication) List Information: To send a message
to 2500+ readers, e-mail to TECHWR-L -at- LISTSERV -dot- OKSTATE -dot- EDU -dot- Send commands
to LISTSERV -at- LISTSERV -dot- OKSTATE -dot- EDU (e.g. HELP or SIGNOFF TECHWR-L).
Search the archives at http://www.documentation.com/ or search and
browse the archives at http://listserv.okstate.edu/archives/techwr-l.html